Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is classified into three categories. The most prevalent form is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which occurs due to a physical blockage, typically caused by the soft tissue collapsing at the back of the throat. Central sleep apnea (CSA) is less common and arises from a lack of proper signals sent by the brain to the muscles responsible for breathing. Additionally, some individuals may experience “mixed” or “complex” sleep apnea, which is a combination of both obstructive and central sleep apnea.

While obstructive sleep apnea is more common in males and older adults (40+), anyone, regardless of age or gender, can be affected. Other risk factors include obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, the use of sedatives or tranquilizers, and a family history of sleep apnea. Central sleep apnea is more likely to occur in individuals with heart disorders, neuromuscular disorders, strokes, or brain tumors.

Sleep apnea is a serious medical condition, and if left untreated, it can lead to high blood pressure, increasing the risk of heart failure and stroke. The persistent fatigue caused by sleep apnea can result in difficulties at work or school, and it poses dangers while driving or operating heavy machinery. Additionally, sleep apnea can complicate medical treatments or surgeries, as sedation by anesthesia and lying flat after an operation can be risky. If you suspect sleep apnea, it’s crucial to inform your family doctor before taking any prescribed medications or undergoing surgery.

Treatment for sleep apnea varies based on its severity and type. Behavioral changes, such as weight loss, smoking cessation, or altering sleep positions, can be effective for some patients. Oral devices that position the mouth to prevent throat blockage are also utilized in some cases. For more severe instances, surgical intervention may be recommended.